Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business
Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business (eISSN : 2289-8298) or JEB addresses the fundamental issues of entrepreneurship and business and publishes original quantitative or qualitative articles on all aspects of entrepreneurship and business in local and international contexts.
The Use of Meta-Analysis to Examine Talent Shortage Dynamics in Islamic Banking Institutions
The Islamic banking industry's rapid global growth, driven by increasing demand for Sharia-compliant financial solutions, has exposed a significant challenge: talent shortage. This study addresses a research gap by systematically reviewing and synthesising 42 studies published between 2000 and 2023 that examine the multidimensional causes of talent shortages in Islamic banking. Data were collected from Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and industry reports, applying thematic coding to identify key patterns. Results reveal that lack of awareness and education (76% of reviewed studies), cultural and religious barriers (54%), compensation discrepancies (48%), regulatory complexities (43%), and regional disparities in talent availability (39%) are the most cited causes. The findings are framed using Human Capital Theory and Institutional Theory to provide both practical and theoretical insights. The study proposes strategic recruitment, retention, skill development, and industry competitiveness enhancement initiatives to address these shortages. Practical implications for policymakers, HR managers, and education providers are discussed to ensure long-term sectoral sustainability.
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Data Driven Segmentation System for Product Optimisation in Retail
The rapidly evolving retail landscape necessitates the adoption of structured, data-driven strategies to maintain competitiveness and operational efficiency. Within this context, product bundling has proven to be an effective marketing and inventory optimisation strategy. However, many retailers continue to rely on manual bundling methods, which are labour-intensive and often fail to accommodate dynamic shifts in consumer purchasing behaviour. Traditional bundling approaches frequently overlook optimal product combinations, resulting in missed revenue opportunities and inefficient inventory utilisation. To address these limitations, this study introduces SmartBundle, an intelligent system designed to automate and enhance product bundling by integrating customer segmentation and data analytics techniques. The system was developed using the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) methodology, providing a structured framework that guided the progression through key phases, including requirements analysis, system design, implementation, testing and maintenance. At its core, SmartBundle utilises a MySQL relational database structure for efficient data indexing and retrieval, which supports the scalable processing of customer and product data. By applying clustering algorithms, such as K-Means, the system is capable of categorising products based on purchasing patterns, identifying high-potential bundling opportunities and minimising the accumulation of surplus inventory. This data-driven method enables retailers to dynamically adjust their bundling strategies in response to market demands, thereby improving both operational performance and overall profitability.
Macroeconomic Determinants of FTSE KLCI Volatility: Evidence from 2006 to 2023
This study examines the impact of key macroeconomic variables: Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Consumer Price Index (CPI), and Consumer Confidence Index (CCI) on the volatility of the FTSE Bursa Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Composite Index (FTSE KLCI) from 2006 to 2023. As Malaysia shifts towards a more market-driven financial system, understanding how economic fundamentals influence market behavior is essential. Using a random-effects panel regression model, the study analyses 16 years of data. Results show that GDP and CPI significantly affect FTSE KLCI volatility, indicating that real economic activity and inflation are major drivers of investor responses. CCI, though significant at the 10% level (marginal effect), also influences market fluctuations during uncertain periods. These findings support the semi-strong form of the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH), suggesting the market reflects available economic information. The study offers valuable insights for policymakers and investors aiming to understand and manage volatility in Malaysia’s emerging capital market.
Financial Literacy and Zakat Utilization: A Conceptual Framework for Asnaf Economic Empowerment
Zakat is essential for alleviating poverty and fostering social welfare in Muslim-majority countries. In Malaysia, particularly in Perlis, the Asnaf community depends heavily on zakat assistance for financial stability. However, ineffective utilization of zakat funds due to limited financial literacy continues to pose a challenge. Financial literacy which encompasses knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviors is crucial for financial decision-making. Despite its recognized importance, few studies have examined the relationship between financial literacy and optimal zakat fund management among Asnaf recipients. This paper proposes a conceptual framework linking financial literacy to zakat fund utilization, arguing that targeted financial education can empower Asnaf recipients to manage finances more efficiently, reduce dependency on aid, and achieve long-term sustainability. Integrating Shariah Governance Theory and Financial Literacy Theory, the framework emphasizes responsible financial management within Islamic principles. This study contributes to the literature by highlighting how important structured, context-specific financial literacy programs within zakat distribution systems. Future research should empirically test the proposed model to validate its role in improving economic outcomes for the Asnaf community.
Customer Engagement and Behavior in Multi-Channel Retail: Insights from the Malaysia Market
This study investigates customer behaviour and engagement in Malaysia’s multi-channel retail environment, focusing on how channel availability, marketing strategies, and customer experience quality influence consumer engagement across retail touchpoints. A quantitative survey was conducted among 400 Malaysian consumers aged 18 and above. Correlation and mediation analyses using the PROCESS macro reveal that all three independent variables have significant direct effects on customer behaviour and engagement. Channel availability exerts the strongest influence, followed by customer experience quality and marketing strategies. Mediation analysis highlights the partial mediating roles of consistent multi-channel experience and the availability of discount codes or coupons in strengthening these relationships. These findings offer actionable insights for retailers, particularly SMEs in Malaysia, to enhance customer satisfaction and loyalty through integrated multi-channel strategies. The study also underscores the growing importance of technological disruption and AI adoption in shaping the future of retail.
Talent Management and Skill Development as Catalysts for Employee Retention: Evidence From Tech Entrepreneurship in Southwest, Nigeria
This study examined talent management within Nigeria's tech entrepreneurship ecosystem, focusing on how recruitment, retention, and skills development strategies impact workforce sustainability in technology startups and SMEs. Using the Resource-Based View and Human Capital Theory as theoretical frameworks, we analyzed primary data from 76 HR professionals across Nigerian tech firms through a structured questionnaire. The full sample was used for descriptive analysis, while correlation analysis was performed on a randomly selected subsample of 20 responses to ensure statistical robustness given resource constraints. Results revealed that talent management strategies significantly influence recruitment effectiveness (r = 0.810, p < 0.001), employee retention (r = 0.760, p < 0.01), and workforce competencies (r = 0.690, p < 0.01). The study found that 81.6% of turnover was driven by better salary offers elsewhere, while 67.1% of firms identified budget constraints as the primary barrier to skills development. These findings have critical implications for tech entrepreneurs and SME managers seeking to build sustainable competitive advantages through human capital. The study concludes that effective talent management is essential for sustaining Nigeria's growing tech entrepreneurship sector.
Breaking Barriers: Women’s Ventures In The Digital Realm A Systematic Literature Review
In the rapidly evolving landscape of digital platforms, the rise of women entrepreneurs has become increasingly prominent. Despite traditional barriers, more women enter digital entrepreneurship seeking flexibility and income contribution. However, challenges such as limited resources and societal norms persist. This paper presents a systematic literature review exploring the challenges, opportunities and dynamics of women's ventures in the digital realm. The study utilized a systematic literature review of research published between 2017-2024, sourced from Scopus and Web of Science databases. Thematic analysis is applied to classify findings into reasons and challenges driving female participation in digital entrepreneurship. The review identifies digital platforms as crucial for offering women flexibility and market accessibility, essential for managing work and family commitments. However, gender disparities, family responsibilities and limited access to resources remain significant barriers. This study contributes a comprehensive synthesis of existing literature on women's entrepreneurship in the digital space, highlighting the need for supportive ecosystems, policy interventions, funding and digital literacy programmes in fostering a more inclusive and equitable environment for women entrepreneurs to thrive.
Tax Structures and Economic Growth: A Study of Asian Countries
This study aims to analyse the impact of total tax revenue and its structures on GDP per capita growth in 31 Asian countries. We estimate the results using the Static Panel Fixed Effects (within) regression with Driscoll and Kraay’s Standard Errors. The results suggest that increases in total tax revenue, taxes on income, profit and capital gain (direct taxes), and taxes on goods and services (indirect taxes) are associated with lower GDP per capita growth in Asian countries. In contrast, this study finds a significant and positive impact of taxes on property (other taxes), while labor taxes show an insignificant but positive impact on growth. We conclude that property taxes have a positive potential to sustain and promote higher growth, and the policymakers should consider to reduce both taxes on income and goods and services to encourage productivity and generate more consumption, which can stimulate economic growth in Asian countries.
The Role of Data Analytics on Business Decision Making: A study of Banking and Insurance Firms in Benin City
This study explored the influence of data analytics on business decision-making. The focus was on examining how real-time data analytics affects decision-making efficiency, understanding the overall impact of data analytics on decision-making, and analyzing how the challenges related to the implementation of data analytics affect decision-making within banking and insurance firms in Benin City, Edo State. The study targeted businesses across various sectors, selecting a sample of 100 businesses using convenience sampling to ensure representation from different industries and business sizes. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire, and all 100 responses were analyzed using SPSS 23 with multiple linear regression to test the hypotheses. Findings revealed that real-time data analytics has a significant positive effect on the decision-making efficiency of banking and insurance firms in Benin City. Moreover, data analytics overall positively impacts decision-making efficiency, and the challenges of implementing data analytics also significantly influence decision-making processes. The study recommends that businesses invest in real-time analytics to improve decision-making efficiency, enhance their data analytics capabilities by fostering a data-driven culture, and address the implementation challenges such as data security, skill gaps, and resource limitations to maximize the benefits of data analytics.
Data Analytics Implementation Challenges
A Systematic Literature Review of Nascent Entrepreneurship: PRISMA Protocol
Nascent entrepreneurs are viewed as one of the crucial components in today’s entrepreneurship environment. As nascent entrepreneurs often face unavoidable liabilities due to newness and lack of experience, studying the trends of influencing factors and outcomes can provide a broader understanding for supporting their journey. Adopting the PRISMA approach, this research reviews literature related to nascent entrepreneurship to identify prevailing trends and recommend future directions for stakeholders in the field. Up to 2025, although many systematic literature reviews have been conducted on entrepreneurship topics, limited attention has been given specifically to the trends in nascent entrepreneurship. This analysis categorized past research variables based on their trends, including Competencies (6 antecedents), Psychological (6 antecedents), External Environment (5 antecedents), Social (2 antecedents), and others. This paper contributes by offering recommendations for future research improvement. Theoretically, it is recommended that future studies integrate the proposed categories to conduct more comprehensive investigations into nascent entrepreneurship. Practically, governments and policymakers are encouraged to collaborate with universities in addressing graduate oversupply and promoting entrepreneurship, aiming to transform graduates into “job creators” instead of unemployed individuals. Overall, this review highlights the need for a more integrated and policy-driven approach to support the development of nascent entrepreneurs in the evolving economic landscape.
Competitive Analysis and Market Positioning for New Product Launch: Evidence from CocoGlow Milk Drink
This study analysed the market positioning for new product launch to achieve market viable product (MVP) which is a mini-launch of the CocoGlow Milk Drink. A sample of three hundred young and old adults between 18 and 55 years old was taken for this study. Data were obtained through questionnaire administration to individuals residing in five Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Lagos state. Out of the three hundred (300) samples, 250 copies of the questionnaire were filled and returned. However, 8 copies were not properly filled and were therefore excluded from the analysis. In all, 242 copies of the questionnaire were validly filled and used for the data analysis. It was found that substantial portion of the respondents is aware of the benefits of consuming CocoGlow Milk Drink. The study also revealed in the survey, 93% of the respondents have interest in drinking CocoGlow Milk Drink. The results also showed that 32.6% of the respondents are willing to become distributors of CocoGlow Milk Drink. It is recommended that Facebook, Instagram, SMS and Whatsapp should be mainly used as they are the most preferred channels by majority of the respondents.
An Empirical Analysis of Buy Now, Pay Later Mechanism and Its Impact on Customer Retention in Digital Commerce
The "Buy Now, Pay Later" (BNPL) mechanism has transformed e-commerce payment systems by providing consumers with enhanced financial flexibility. This study examines the influence of four key factors—interest rate, customer age, credit limit, and income level—on customer retention, aiming to elucidate the relationships among these variables. Utilizing a sample of 385 Malaysian consumers, the study employs both descriptive and inferential statistical analyses. The findings indicate that all four independent variables exert a significant positive impact on customer retention. Specifically, lower interest rates alleviate financial burdens, thereby fostering higher retention rates. Increased credit limits enhance purchasing power and financial flexibility, leading to sustained engagement with BNPL services. Younger consumers exhibit higher retention rates due to their preference for flexible payment solutions, while older users demonstrate consistent BNPL usage, contributing to long-term retention. Additionally, lower-income consumers rely more on BNPL to manage financial constraints, which results in higher retention within this demographic. Notably, usage frequency serves as a significant mediator between customer age and retention, as younger consumers' frequent BNPL usage partially accounts for their elevated retention rates. Conversely, interest rate, credit limit, and income level directly influence retention without substantial mediation by usage frequency. These findings provide valuable insights for e-commerce platforms and policymakers in optimizing BNPL frameworks to accommodate diverse consumer segments and enhance long-term customer loyalty.
Theorizing the Halal Brand Association toward the Participation in Family Takaful Product: An Extended Theory of Planned Behaviour
This study examines the pivotal role of halal brand association (HBA) in influencing consumer participation in family takaful products through the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). The research conceptualizes HBA as a critical variable impacting key TPB predictors—attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control—leading to increased participation in family takaful products. A qualitative approach systematically reviewed literature from reputable academic databases to develop a theoretical framework. The findings reveal that HBA enhances consumer attitudes, aligns with social expectations, and strengthens perceived behavioral control. Academically, this study contributes to the limited research on HBA in the takaful industry, providing new insights into consumer behavior in Islamic finance. Practically, it offers strategic guidance for Islamic financial institutions to leverage halal branding as a competitive advantage. By aligning financial products with Islamic ethical principles, this research underscores the dual importance of religious compliance and social responsibility in fostering consumer engagement and loyalty.
Kesahan Kandungan Instrumen Efikasi Kendiri Keusahawanan Bagi Guru Pelatih Berdasarkan Indeks Kesahan Kandungan (CVI)
Efikasi kendiri keusahawanan guru pelatih boleh menentukan tahap kesediaan guru pelatih menerapkan elemen keusahawanan dalam bidang pengajian mereka. Maka, instrumen bagi mengukur efikasi kendiri keusahawanan perlu dikenalpasti dan disahkan. Kesahan kandungan adalah satu kaedah yang diperlukan untuk menilai kesesuaian instrumen menjadi alat ukur yang berkesan. Kajian ini akan menggunakan kaedah Indeks Kesahan Kandungan (Content Validity Indeks-CVI) untuk menilai kesahan kandungan instrumen. Instrumen yang dinilai mengandungi 23 item berdasarkan empat domain. Seramai lapan orang pakar telah dipilih melalui persampelan bertujuan untuk mengambil bahagian dalam kajian ini. Para pakar terdiri daripada lima orang pakar profesional dalam psikometrik, penilaian, psikologi pendidikan, bahasa, dan keusahawanan dan tiga orang pakar awam adalah pengamal penerapan elemen keusahawanan dalam bidang profesional masing-masing. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa instrumen yang dibina mempunyai kesahan kandungan yang relevan dan berpotensi menjadi instrumen yang dapat mengukur efikasi kendiri keusahawanan guru pelatih. Seterusnya analisis dan kajian lanjutan dicadangkan bagi menilai hubungan dan pengaruh antara efikasi kendiri keusahawanan dengan kesediaan penerapan elemen keusahawanan.
Musharakah as a Funding Solution for Nigerian SMEs: A Viewpoint
The sustainability and growth of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are crucial to the economic development every nation, particularly in developing economies like Nigeria, where access to conventional financing is often limited. This study explores the potential of Musharakah, a profit-sharing partnership model rooted in Islamic finance, as a viable funding solution for SMEs in Nigeria. Through a comprehensive analysis of Musharakah's framework, the study demonstrates how this model aligns with the financial needs and ethical considerations of SMEs within the region's socio-economic context. By reviewing data collected from SME owners, financial experts, and Islamic finance practitioners, the study assesses the potential impact of Musharakah on SME growth, financial inclusion, and overall economic stability in Nigeria. The findings indicate that Musharakah not only provides a flexible and ethical financing option but also fosters a more collaborative relationship between financial institutions and entrepreneurs.
Empowering Women Food Entrepreneurs: Unveiling their Social Commerce Readiness and Digital Challenges
This study investigates the readiness of women-owned small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to engage in social commerce and its implications for business readiness. Utilizing a quantitative research design with purposive sampling, data were collected from 2024 women-owned SME owners through an online survey. The study reveals strong positive correlations between social commerce activities, technological information gaps, financial conditions, and the readiness of women-owned SMEs Specifically, increased engagement in social commerce significantly enhances business preparedness, while gaps in technological information and financial constraints pose substantial challenges. The findings point out the importance of bridging these gaps by providing adequate technological and financial support to empower women entrepreneurs in Kuala Selangor. Such support is crucial for fostering the growth and success of women-owned SMEs in the region's increasingly digitalized business landscape. Practically, the findings suggest that policymakers and support agencies should prioritize tailored training programs and financial support to empower women-owned SMEs with the tools and knowledge needed for successful engagement in social commerce. This study highlights the need for targeted policies and initiatives within Selangor to address these challenges, ensuring that women-owned SMEs in the region can fully participate in and benefit from the digital economy.
Exploring Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation and Its Dimensions: A Conceptual Paper
Entrepreneurship is a significant factor that directly and indirectly influences a nation's economy and plays a crucial role in shaping its economic landscape. The long-term economic development and success of any country depends on innovative approaches and entrepreneurial initiatives. This study aims to provide a literature review on individual entrepreneurial orientation (IEO), emphasizing the significance of its five dimensions: risk-taking, competitive aggressiveness, autonomy, proactiveness, and innovativeness. By so doing, this study contributes to the literature by addressing the initial stages of conceptual model building for IEO and its dimensions, specifically within the context of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).
Incorporating the Shariah-Based Quality Management Standard MS1900:2014 into Cooperatives: Another Growth Strategy?
The Malaysian Standard (MS) 1900:2014 is a Shariah-compliant quality management system integrating universal ethical principles—such as justice, honesty, and discipline—into organizational processes. Endorsed by SIRIM, Malaysia’s standards body, MS 1900:2014 provides a framework for aligning Islamic principles with quality management practices. Since its initial certifications in 2008, adoption has grown steadily, with approximately 40 organizations certified by 2023, though implementation remains limited across Malaysia’s diverse institutional landscape, especially among cooperatives. Utilizing qualitative research methodology, a case study of eight cooperatives from Malaysia’s Top 100 List of 2022 offers insights into how MS 1900:2014 can enhance cooperative growth and performance. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the Board of Cooperative Directors, Cooperative Managers, and SIRIM Principal Auditor. These findings emphasize the standard's potential not only for quality improvements but also for supporting sustainable economic growth within cooperative sectors. The research contributes to the understanding of quality management systems and their role in integrating Shariah-based principles for enhanced performance, benefiting cooperatives and the broader economy.
Determinants of Intention to Adopt the Nigerian Digital Currency, the eNaira: A Conceptual Framework
This research extends the Unified Theory of Adoption and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model by incorporating variables such as security, government regulatory, and a new moderating variable, technology awareness. This is achieved through an empirical review of relevant studies and the development of a conceptual framework for adopting Nigeria's digital currency, the eNaira. The proposed framework aims to guide future research on technology adoption in developing countries. Existing studies reveal that digital currencies have higher adoption rates in Western nations compared to non-Western ones. However, the distinct challenges and characteristics of emerging nations limit the direct application of findings from developed countries. Therefore, considering Nigeria's specific context, this study examines the critical factors influencing the intention to adopt the eNaira. These factors are integrated into a framework designed to address issues related to the adoption of eNaira among Nigerians. This research enhances and validates the UTAUT model, contributing to the academic literature. Practically, it offers insights into key factors that can improve eNaira adoption, supporting government organizations and policymakers in increasing the digital currency's adoption in Nigeria and any other developing country.
The Implication of E-Commerce Application in SMEs
This research aims to explore the implication of e-commerce application among Small and Medium (SM) Malay entrepreneurs involved in the Malaysian food and beverage manufacturing industry based on three perspectives: technology, competition, and suppliers. A survey questionnaire was developed following the three variables. Furthermore, a pilot study was conducted to identify the necessary improvements to be made to the instrument. The respondents involved SM Malay entrepreneurs who are e-commerce application users, with a 68.4% response rate. The empirical data were statistically analysed via stepwise multiple regression. Resultantly, the variables of competition and supplier influenced the implication of e-commerce application among SM Malay entrepreneurs.
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The Mediating Role of Brand Love between Brand Personality and Brand Loyalty: A Study on SMEs Traditional Woven Fabric in Indonesia
This paper aimed to examine the impact of brand personality dimensions (sincerity, excitement, and competence) on brand loyalty. In addition, the role of brand love is explored through mediation models. A total of 384 valid and usable responses collected from a consumer of Traditional SME Traditional Woven fabric in Indonesia were analyzed through the structural equation model (SEM). A research model examined several hypotheses underpinned by multidimensional brand loyalty and interpersonal love. The findings showed that sincerity and competence had a significant impact on brand loyalty and brand love, but excitement had no significant impact on brand loyalty and brand love. Moreover, brand love mediated the relationship between sincerity and competence, but excitement had an insignificant impact. The results of this study indicate that small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the traditional woven fabric industry should foster emotions to establish a robust consumer-brand connection. Furthermore, it is critical to prioritize the development of robust attributes, as traditional woven textiles possess deeply ingrained cultural significance. This study contributes to the current knowledge of brand loyalty literature by exploring the characteristics of brand personality and brand love. The findings imply that when consumers' brand personality is mixed with brand love, it will result in increased loyalty towards the brand.
An Empirical Analysis of E-Takaful Participation Readiness (ETPR) Among Individuals in Malaysia
Increased digitalization is one of the tailwinds expected to impact the Islamic Financial Services Industry (IFSI), including the takaful industry, which is growing at up to 5.2% globally. Despite the increasing penetration of digital technologies, the participation rate in online takaful remains disproportionately low. Hence, a call for a digital platform is seen as vital in the current economic situation to further reach out. This research suggests an integrated model of e-takaful participation readiness (ETPR) and empirically tests the model. Furthermore, this study opts for primary data via a structured online survey adapted from previous studies using a purposive sampling technique. Partial Least Square - Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) is the main statistical technique used in this study. Based on the perspective of user acceptance of information technology, the current research significantly expands on factors influencing e-takaful participation readiness among 395 individuals such as religiosity, attitude, and takaful literacy. Past studies have visited the topic of e-banking readiness, but limited studies focused on its relation to the e-takaful area. This study is a pioneer in examining consumer participation readiness toward e-takaful services particularly during the digital shifting process due to pandemic. The results supported the measurement model's prediction that each research measure's reliability and validity requirements were met. All the proposed hypotheses were found to be significant and accepted. The findings of this study suggest takaful operators in Malaysia to critically devise their new penetration strategies and focus on giving extra value to induce takaful literacy and make room for improvement in product penetration to the target segments by understanding the factors contributing to this phenomenon. This is crucial for policymakers, takaful operators, and other industry stakeholders to develop strategies that encourage greater adoption of online participation.
A Narrative Review: Optimization Algorithms for The Problem of Allocating Shelf Space in Retailing
The Shelf Space Allocation Problem (SSAP) is of great significance in the retail industry since it directly impacts the effectiveness of product placement and organization within a shop. This issue arises from a deficiency in comprehending the strategic arrangement of products, resulting in the wasteful utilization of space. Notably, SSAP has a significant negative impact on store operations and customer satisfaction, resulting in wasted space and a reduction in the number of products that can be displayed to customers. Hence, the careful selection of an optimization method is crucial for effectively managing the allocation of shelf space in retail operations. This study aims to examine optimization algorithm techniques for addressing the issue of shelf space allocation in a particular environment, such as enhancing sales, minimizing congestion, or optimizing space utilization. Several studies have considered several optimization algorithm methods that have been used in solving the SSAP, including Genetic Algorithm (GA), Linear Programming (LP), Dynamic Programming (DP), Simulated Annealing (SA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and Variable Neighborhood Search (VNS). These methods are selected based on problem characteristics, including nonlinearity, integer requirements for variables, and constraints such as limited rack space. This optimization method helps retailers to effectively optimize shelf space allocation and maximize sales and profits. The study thus reviewed previous papers examining optimization algorithm methods to solve the problem of shelf space allocation. Those methods are crucial in improving product organization efficiency, customer satisfaction, and overall business performance.
A Study to Examine the Factors Contributing Towards Financial Management Behavior Among Non-Finance Students in AIMST University, Kedah
This paper aims to examine the factors contributing to financial management behavior among non-finance students at AIMST University, Kedah. The dependent variable is financial management behavior while the independent variables are financial literacy, family’s social status, and financial self-efficacy. The data for this study was collected through the distribution of self-administered questionnaires. The population for this research is undergraduate non-finance students at AIMST University. The data collected were analysed using descriptive analysis, reliability analysis, Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, and Pearson Correlation Coefficient Analysis. The findings of this research revealed that financial literacy, family social status, and financial self-efficacy have significant relationships with financial management behaviour.
The Impact of E-Commerce Platform Adoption Among MSME: A Literature Review
The spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has changed daily life greatly. As a result of the restrictions implemented during the spread of COVID-19, most transactions were undertaken online. All economic sectors, including the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector, were affected by the new norms. At the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak, online transactions were challenging to implement. Nevertheless, they are becoming easier and help entrepreneurs maintain consistent operations until the economic situation becomes stable. The MSME sector is crucial in comparison with other primary sectors in the acquisition of national income. This review article discusses the impact of the adoption of e-commerce platforms among MSME entrepreneurs based on three aspects of technology, organisation, and environment in a recovering economy after the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. The three primary aspects of the technology, organisation, and environment (TOE) model are widely adopted in the study of e-commerce platform adoption. In the future, this study will continue with the methodology, findings, and discussion sections.
Analysis Usefulness Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS) For Efficiency And Accountability Of MSMEs Financial Statements
This research examines how MSMEs in LamonganCity perceive the efficiency of QRIS digital payment technology transactions and its impact on their financial statement accountability. The study employs a quantitative approach, utilizing non-probability sampling with a Purposive Sampling method. Participants include all Lamongan-based MSMEs that use QRIS for payments and maintain business records. Data collection involves digital methods and questionnaires, focusing on primary sources. Findings reveal that Perceived Usefulness influences the Accountability of MSME Financial Statements in Lamongan, while Perceived Ease of Use shows no effect. Transaction Efficiency demonstrates a significant positive impact on Financial Statement Accountability. The combined variables of Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and Transaction Efficiency exhibit a simultaneous, albeit weak, effect on Financial Statement Accountability.
Effects of Organizational Justice on Social Loafing: The Mediating Role of Felt Obligation
Although there has been an increasing body of work on social loafing for over ten years, there are still gaps in our understanding that require further investigation. There is currently a lack of research on organizational justice and the sense of duty towards social loafing. This study examines how organizational fairness (procedural, distributive, interactional) affects social loafing to address a gap in the existing literature. According to social exchange theory, the study predicted that perceived obligation would act as a mediator in the relationship between organizational justice and social loafing. Information was collected from 272 private sector employees in Malaysia. The measurements were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling. With the exception of distributive justice, most direct links have a considerable influence on social loafing, as indicated by the data. Statistical findings confirmed the mediating role of perceived obligation between procedural fairness, distributive justice, and social loafing. The findings did not show that felt obligation plays a mediating role in the link between interactional justice and social loafing behavior. The study advanced knowledge by establishing new connections between organizational fairness, felt obligation, and social loafing behavior. Distinct measures of employees' perceptions of organizational justice offer a more comprehensive understanding of the connection between negative outcomes and their views of the organization. Additionally, the reciprocation process explains the link between organizational justice and social loafing. This research demonstrates that organizational fairness is a crucial component in predicting social loafing behavior, which would be advantageous for employers and human resource experts. Improvements can be made by establishing equitable and uniform workplace standards, encouraging employee input and involvement in decision-making, and demonstrating decency and respect for subordinates to prevent counterproductive actions like social loafing.
Empowering Malaysia’s Youth: Assessing the Impact of STEM Education
The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of a Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) initiative in attaining the objectives specified in Malaysia's Education Development Plan (PPPM) 2013- 2025. This study emphasises the significance of incorporating STEM education in Malaysia, with a specific focus on its contribution to the development of analytical thinking, problem-solving abilities, and creative thinking among the youth. The focus of this study is specifically directed towards the country of Malaysia. This underscores the need to employ a comprehensive and interdisciplinary methodology while developing a strategy The present study involves the analysis of replies provided by participants enrolled in a STEM education program. The dataset comprises demographic data of students spanning from Forms 1 to 5, together with information pertaining to their levels of interest in STEM. The analysis of post-program surveys indicates a notable increase in agreement and high agreement, particularly in the subjects of Mathematics and Engineering. This trend suggests an increasing level of enthusiasm among individuals toward pursuing careers in the STEM disciplines. A large majority (78%) of participants said the program influenced their future STEM interests, especially in engineering.
The Impact of Online Streaming Platforms on the Film Industry and Film-Viewing Culture in Malaysia
Technology changes the look of the film industry, particularly regarding marketability through online streaming platforms. Online streaming provides a second option for viewers, which has altered Malaysia’s film-viewing culture. This difference is significant between watching movies on TV screens and in cinemas, regulated and filtered by the Film Censorship Board (Lembaga Penapisan Filem, LPF), compared to streaming online via platforms not bound by LPF regulations. Through qualitative and library research methods, this study examined the development and changes in film-viewing culture in Malaysia and the relevant acts. The Culture of the Streaming Model was used as a guide to explore the development and changes in film-viewing culture in the Malaysian film industry. In conclusion, the changes brought about by the advances in technology have significant implications for the film industry, particularly ensuring that inappropriate content does not reach young people.
Determinants of Mobile Shopping Apps Continuance Intention: A Review and Proposed Conceptual Model
Mobile shopping apps have experienced significant global growth due to the widespread adoption of mobile devices in everyday life. The exponential expansion of mobile shopping app usage has brought up both opportunities and challenges for service providers. For online businesses, maintaining their current users is a vital means of gaining a competitive edge. Hence, the primary objective of this research is to develop a conceptual model to examine the factors that influence users' intention to continue using mobile shopping apps. The Expectation-Confirmation Model (ECM) and the Theory of Network Externalities offer initial foundations for developing a unified conceptual model. This research has the potential to make a substantial contribution to the understanding of factors that influence continuance intention to use mobile shopping apps. It can benefit academicians, online businesses, service providers and mobile marketing practitioners